Medically reviewed by:
What is ADHD?
ADHD is a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity that interferes with a person’s functioning or development. ADHD can present as either inattentiveness or hyperactivity or a combination of the two.
What does ADHD stand for?
ADHD stands for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
What is the difference between ADD and ADHD?
This diagnosis has gone through several name changes over the years, which can sometimes confuse patients. ADD is an outdated term that only includes the inattentive symptoms that a patient can experience with ADHD. In the latest version of DSM-5 (otherwise known as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), psychiatrists have combined both the inattentive and hyperactive components to make one large diagnosis, ADHD. From there, the diagnosis becomes more specific:
What causes ADHD?
The cause of ADHD in both children and adults is unknown. We do know that in ADHD patients, there is hypo functioning of dopamine and norepinephrine in some areas of the brain.
When these two neurotransmitters are not as present as they should be, this can lead to some of the symptoms we see in our patients. We know that there is a genetic component to ADHD and that patients with parents or siblings who have ADHD are 2-8 times more likely to have ADHD themselves. Additionally, twin studies have shown heritability estimated at 76%.
What are ADHD symptoms?
Inattentive symptoms:
Hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms:
How is ADHD diagnosed?
A two-fold approach is used in diagnosing ADHD. Clinicians use diagnostic testing (such as the Cambridge Brain Science exam) and screening questionnaires, patient history, and physical exam before making an ADHD diagnosis.
How to know if you have ADHD?
If you believe you may have ADHD, it is recommended to consult with a qualified professional for a formal evaluation. In some individuals, teachers or loved ones have pointed out symptoms they have noticed that warrant further evaluation. In other situations, patients themselves see declining functioning in their work, school, or home life.
How to treat ADHD?
ADHD is commonly treated with stimulant medications that help regulate key neurotransmitters in the brain, such as dopamine and norepinephrine. There are different types of stimulant treatments available, each tailored to the individual’s needs. For those who prefer alternatives, there are also non-stimulant options that can be effective in managing ADHD.
At Specialty Clinic, we believe in a comprehensive approach to ADHD management. In addition to medication, we offer behavioral therapy, support groups, and resources, along with school accommodations to help patients succeed in all aspects of life.
Why can stimulants be used to treat ADHD in children?
Stimulants have been studied for decades and have shown long-term safety with significant improvements for a challenging diagnosis like ADHD. The FDA has also issued a statement indicating no association between these medications and adverse cardiovascular events in children. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) released its latest treatment recommendations in 2019, which include stimulants as a first-line treatment for ADHD in children.
Our clinicians thoroughly discuss the risks and benefits of every treatment option with patients and their parents. Our priority is ensuring both the patient and parent feel comfortable with the prescribed medication.
Are there any resources available for people with ADHD?
We recommend chadd.org for children with ADHD. Russell A. Barkley, Ph.D., is one of our favorite authors for ADHD resources for patients (adult or child) and loved ones (parents, spouses, siblings). There are also summer camps, magazines, podcasts, and therapists our clinic is happy to recommend.
Are there doctors for ADHD in Austin, TX?
If you’re looking for an ADHD doctor near you, Specialty Clinic in Austin offers in-person appointments at our north Austin location, as well as telehealth appointments. Our team of providers has decades of experience diagnosing ADHD in adults and children and providing you with personalized care.
Medically reviewed by: